osac mexico 2021 crime and safety reportosac mexico 2021 crime and safety report

Abuse of Migrants and Refugees: The press, international organizations, and NGOs reported targeting and victimization of migrants by criminal groups and in some cases by police, immigration officers, and customs officials, including at land borders and airports. 2021 105W 100W 95W 90W 85W 80W 75W 70W 65W 60W 55W 50W 45W 40W 35W 30W N N !\ . Due to low internet penetration and television ownership in indigenous communities, distance learning was often inaccessible. A street in Celaya, Mexico. Across the criminal justice system, many actors lacked the necessary training and capacity to carry out their duties fairly and consistently in line with the principle of equal justice. The law mandates that all discrimination cases, including sexual harassment, bypass formerly mandatory conciliation and proceed directly to the labor courts. The National Council to Prevent Discriminations 2017 national survey on discrimination found 58 percent of Afro-Mexicans and 65 percent of indigenous persons considered their rights were respected little or not at all. The survey also reported 22 percent of persons said they would not share a household with an Afro-Mexican. 08/25/20 (written by aahrensvquez)-Justice in Mexico released its latest working paper "Organized Crime and Violence in Guanajuato" by Laura Y. Caldern on Thursday. State governments reported investigating 12 suspected forced labor cases in 2020. In many parts of the country, human smuggling organizations wielded significant power, and media alleged frequent collusion among local authorities. In 2019 legislators passed a constitutional reform recognizing Afro-Mexicans as an ethnic group. In February authorities arrested 12 state police officers in Camargo, Tamaulipas, on homicide charges in connection with the massacre and burning of the bodies of three smugglers and 16 Guatemalan migrants en route to the United States. Most National Guard personnel are seconded from the army and navy and have the option to return to their services after five years. There were reports of journalists practicing self-censorship due to threats from criminal groups and government officials. The National Shelter Network reported that the network assisted 12,000 women and children between January and August. Between January and August the CNDH recorded 123 complaints of arbitrary detention. The deadline for unions to amend and register their statutes, originally set to expire in May 2020, was suspended due to COVID-19, reestablished in late 2020, and continued as of November. While the Supreme Court upheld the provisions, it noted the need for authorities to obtain a judicial warrant to access user metadata. Penalties ranged from monetary fines to the cancellation of candidacies. Respect for the Integrity of the Person, a. NGOs reported that acts of excessive use of force and arbitrary detention occurred against female protesters, especially those protesting gender-based violence. In July 2020 he was arrested in another country pursuant to a Mexican extradition request on charges that he diverted millions of dollars in public funds. There were numerous instances of criminal armed groups extorting, threatening, or kidnapping asylum seekers and other migrants. As of August 23, Marin was awaiting trial. In addition to the outstanding Zeron arrest warrant, the Special Unit for the Investigation and Litigation of the Ayotzinapa case issued 12 warrants and made 10 arrests for investigative irregularities, such as torture and obstruction of justice. The CNDH sends a request to the authority asking for evidence of its compliance and includes this follow-up information in its annual report. Some areas of Mexico have increased risk of crime and kidnapping. Tweets disseminated their identities and their media outlets and also made veiled threats. Civil society organizations, however, reported that the number of labor inspections was not sufficient to secure compliance. Of the 32 states, 24 criminalize sexual harassment, and all states have provisions for punishment when the perpetrator is in a position of power. The government had minimal presence in the ownership of news media but remained a significant source of advertising revenue for many media organizations, which at times influenced coverage. 345 long rd, pittsburgh, pa 15235 October 2021. Forced internal displacement disproportionally affected indigenous communities. In May in Chicoloapan, state of Mexico, municipal police beat and detained supporters of feminist groups as they led a protest against gender-based violence and political parties. There were accusations of sexual abuse against authorities during arrest and detention. . The CNDH noted significant understaffing at all levels in federal prisons, which affected access to programs, activities, medical services, and opportunities to report possible human rights abuses. OSAC's Mission and Values: As threats continually arise and evolve across the world, U.S. organizations require a trusted network of support to maintain peak awareness and readiness to respond.OSAC is dedicated to maintaining strong bonds between public and private security professionals to provide these organizations with the broadest security perspective and widest scope of support. Rape and Domestic Violence: Federal law criminalizes the rape of men and women, including spousal rape, and conviction carries penalties of up to 20 years' imprisonment. Many workers were compelled into forced labor through debt bondage, threats of violence, and nonpayment of wages by recruiters and employers. Enforcement was inadequate in many small companies, in agriculture, and in construction, and nearly absent in the informal sector in which most child laborers worked. This was a common practice in the maquiladora sector, in which employers forced workers to take leave at low moments in the production cycle and obliged them to work in peak seasons, including the Christmas holiday period, without the corresponding triple pay mandated by law for voluntary overtime on national holidays. Human rights and environmental activists, many from indigenous communities, continued to be targets of violence. Libel/Slander Laws: There are no federal criminal laws against defamation, libel, or slander; however, eight states have criminal laws on these acts. The year 2020 had the second-highest number of cases on record, with 8,626 reported missing or disappeared, down from 9,185 cases reported in 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic generated additional risks and exacerbated vulnerabilities for IDPs, including overcrowding in shelters and difficulty accessing food, basic health care, and education. While penalties for conviction of forced labor were commensurate with those for similar crimes, very few cases were successfully prosecuted. The presidential cabinet had 19 secretariats, and as of August women headed seven. The law also provides for the rights of appeal and of bail in most categories of crimes. Digital media journalists covering stories such as crime, corruption, and human rights violations experienced physical violence and online abuse. This represented an increase of 11 percent of children from the 2017 INEGI survey. Between January and August, the CNDH registered 26 complaints of torture and 123 for arbitrary detention. In 2016 all civilian and military courts officially transitioned from an inquisitorial legal system based primarily upon judicial review of written documents to an accusatorial trial system reliant upon oral testimony presented in open court. International Child Abductions: The country is party to the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. The list named at least 50 persons linked to President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, politicians from every party, as well as journalists, lawyers, activists, prosecutors, diplomats, judges, and academics. Freedom of expression advocacy groups reported the government, despite reductions in its advertising budgets, continued to have a strong financial impact and influence on the largest media companies. Government authorities also reported an increase of 73 percent in online child pornography distribution during the pandemic. It is also a criminal offense in all states. Civil society groups reported families living in inhuman conditions, with inadequate and cramped housing, no access to clean water or bathrooms, insufficient food, and without medical care. As of March 2020 . In June the Supreme Court issued a unanimous decision confirming that the exercise of the right to strike suspends the processing of collective conflicts of an economic nature that may be pending before the court and the topics that they present, unless the workers express in writing their agreement to submit the conflict to the decision of the court. To receive government recognition, unions and their leaders must file for registration with the Federal Center. The UN Office for the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) documented cases in the states of Mexico and Chiapas in which detainees remained in pretrial detention for more than 12 years. The constitution prohibits discrimination based on ethnicity, and a federal law prohibits all forms of discrimination. Before a strike may take place, a union must file a notice to strike with the appropriate CAB, or the appropriate labor court once they are operational. In most states alternative justice centers employed mechanisms such as mediation, negotiation, and restorative justice to resolve minor offenses outside the court system. And while the media sensationalizes stories of violence in Mexico, Mexico is safer than many major U.S. cities.Visitors from around the world enjoy these vibrant cities in relative, reasonable safety. Security experts said government candidate protection programs, which did not cover all those eligible, had a negligible impact on curbing political violence. Wage and Hour Laws: The tripartite National Minimum Wage Commission is responsible for establishing minimum salaries. Military Abuses and Extrajudicial Killings. Physical Conditions: According to the Federal Prison System, as of June there were 220,393 inmates in 288 state and federal facilities with a designed capacity for 217,064. The Catholic Multimedia Center reported that criminal groups harassed priests and other religious leaders in some parts of the country and subjected them to extortion, death threats, and intimidation. The states with the most teenage pregnancies were Chiapas, Coahuila, and Guerrero, and Tabasco. The situation of agricultural workers remained particularly precarious, with similar patterns of exploitation throughout the sector. State preventive police report to state governors, while municipal police report to mayors. The governments failure to enforce labor laws left workers with little recourse for violations of freedom of association, poor working conditions, and other labor provisions in states that had not yet implemented the new labor justice model. An opinion poll in April 2019 showed more than 70 percent of the population supporting the CICIG. On October 7, the army relieved Colonel Miguel Angel Ramirez Canchola, accused of ordering the killings, of his posting, but as of October prosecutors had not taken action against the soldiers. There were some complaints of illegal searches or illegal destruction of private property. Three states have state-level IDP laws, but the country does not have a federal internal displacement law, which created challenges in resource allocation and interagency governmental coordination. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy, 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, Section 1. Members of the Mayan community in Campeche reported the National Tourism Board pressured them to cease protesting and agree to leave their lands. Federal law criminalizes spousal abuse. In August 2020 a federal judge sentenced Juan Carlos El Larry Moreno Ochoa to 50 years in prison for killing Breach. Minors were recruited or forced by cartels to traffic persons, drugs, or other goods across the border with the United States. The law provides for eight paid public holidays and one week of paid annual leave after completing one year of work. Also see the Department of Labors Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor at https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/findings/ as well as the Department of Labors List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor at https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/reports/child-labor/list-of-goods. The law provides for the freedoms of peaceful assembly and association, and the government generally respected these rights, with some exceptions. The law provides time limits and conditions on pretrial detention, but federal authorities sometimes failed to comply with them since caseloads far exceeded the capacity of the federal judicial system. During the first six months of 2021 the INEGI reported a total 16,972 (provisional) and the . Criminal groups became increasingly involved in the illegal timber trade in Chihuahua, which accounted for 70 percent of the wood consumed in the country. The National Commission to Prevent and Eradicate Violence against Women is responsible for leading government programs to combat domestic violence. The CABs operate under a tripartite system with government, worker, and employer representatives, with worker representation on the CABs selected based on majority representation, which was held by entrenched nondemocratic unions that sign protection contracts with complicit employers to secure low wages. Observers noted that it also increased the likelihood of work-related illness and injury. Indigenous persons generally had limited access to health care and education services. The CNDH maintained a human rights program to inform and assist members of indigenous communities. Several outbreaks of COVID-19 resulted in multiple deaths. Institutionalized persons with disabilities often lacked adequate medical care and rehabilitation services, privacy, and clothing; they often ate, slept, and bathed in unhygienic conditions. The National Guard and state and municipal police are responsible for enforcing the law and maintaining order. Subcontracting is allowed if it is used to perform specialized services unrelated to the main economic activity of businesses or public institutions. Government officials were mostly cooperative and responsive, with the president and cabinet officials meeting with human rights organizations, such as OHCHR, IACHR, and CNDH. Job announcements specifying desired gender, age, marital status, and parental status were common. Although the constitution and law provide for an independent judiciary, court decisions were susceptible to improper influence by both private and public entities, particularly at the state and local level, as well as by transnational criminal organizations. The CNDH did not report on the merits of the complaints. Sandoval remained in pretrial detention as of August. These included low wages, contentious labor management, long work hours, unjustified dismissals, a lack of social security benefits, unsafe workplaces, and no freedom of association. Bail is available for most crimes, except for those involving organized crime and a limited number of other offenses. In July a joint investigation by media outlets reported a leaked Pegasus list of more than 15,000 individuals as possible targets for surveillance in 2016 and 2017. Defendants have the right to free assistance of an interpreter, if needed, although interpretation and translation services for indigenous languages were not always available. Between September 2020 and June, the STPS reported conducting labor inspections in 22,350 work centers nationwide benefiting more than three million workers. Authorities accused the suspects of smuggling 20 to 80 migrants per day through Baja California into the United States for more than a decade. Authorities arrested Mario Reyes and Gladis Cruz in connection with the killing. Workers argued that the protectionist union holding the collective bargaining agreement pressured workers to legitimize the agreement, offered bribes, and tampered with ballots. In Baja California Sur, Guanajuato, Michoacan, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, and Yucatan, the crimes of defamation and libel are prosecuted, with penalties ranging from three days to five years in prison and fines for committing defamation or slander, both considered crimes against honor. Slander is punishable under the criminal laws of the states of Campeche, Nuevo Leon, Sonora, Yucatan, and Zacatecas, with sentences ranging from three months to six years in prison and fines. We do know that Cuba has relatively few guns, and violent crime is fairly uncommon. In its data collection, the government often merged statistics on forcibly disappeared persons with missing persons not suspected of being victims of forced disappearance, making it difficult to compile accurate statistics on the extent of the problem. osac crime and safety report: mexico. Womens rights activists supported the law as critical to combat the increasingly prevalent problem of online sexual harassment. With an estimated population of 639,052 inhabitants, Celaya is the third most populous city situated in the south-central part of the Mexican state of . They were vulnerable to abuse from staff members, other patients, or guests at facilities where there was inadequate supervision. Some companies reportedly did not implement effective protective measures for employees, and one factory, owned by Eaton Corporation in Baja California, was operating illegally and was closed after it placed chains on its doors to prevent 800 workers from leaving. with disabilities attended school at a lower rate than those without disabilities. Luxembourg 2020 OSAC Crime & Safety Report This is an annual report produced in conjunction with the Regional Security Office at the U.S. Embassy in. After denying they existed, in 2019 the Prosecutor Generals Office provided evidence of Pegasus licensing contracts in 2016 and 2017. In July Public Safety Secretary Rosa Isela Rodriguez revealed that the Felipe Calderon and Enrique Pena Nieto administrations signed 31 contracts for $61 million to buy Pegasus spy software. Defendants have the right to a presumption of innocence and to a fair and public trial without undue delay. State and municipal laws addressing domestic violence largely failed to meet the required federal standards and often were unenforced. Enforcement, however, was inconsistent across the states. The Secretariat of National Defense and Secretariat of the Navy also play a role in domestic security, particularly in combating organized criminal groups. The 911 hotline received 139,554 calls reporting incidents of violence against women from January to June, an increase of 6 percent over the same months in 2020. Looking ahead. There were reports of security forces using excessive force against demonstrators. Honduras 2020 OSAC Crime & Safety Report This is an annual report produced in conjunction with the Regional Security Office at the U.S. Embassy in. Mexico's foreign policy with regard to human rights under the Lpez Obrador . In August Baja California and Yucatan passed laws banning LGBTQI+ conversion therapy. High levels of impunity, including for killings or attacks on journalists, resulted in self-censorship and reduced freedom of expression and the press. Wages were illegally withheld until the end of the harvest to ensure that the workers did not leave. requires a written warrant of arrest except in cases where an individual is caught in the act of committing a crime. Ramos had been searching for her missing husband for the previous seven months as a member of two search collectives. Authorities held some detainees under house arrest. The Federal Center also carries out mandatory pre-judicial conciliations at the federal level, with local conciliation centers carrying out the same function at the state level. The law establishes a requirement to observe parity in the designation of public officials at every level (federal, state, local) in all three branches of government. Federal and state labor inspectorates conducted nearly 30,000 labor inspections in formally registered businesses in 2020 but did not conduct inspections in the informal sector. VFelbabBrown. Global AIDS Coordinator and Global Health Diplomacy, Special Presidential Envoy for Hostage Affairs, Special Representative for Syria Engagement, U.S. Security Coordinator for Israel and the Palestinian Authority, Office of the U.S. Nongovernmental Impact: Organized criminal groups exercised a grave influence over media outlets and reporters, threatening individuals who published critical views of crime groups. For example, the office issued three arrest warrants in the case of the August 2020 killing of Juan Nelcio Espinosa, an independent journalist in Piedras Negras, Coahuila, who died while in police custody. 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Mexico, An official website of the United States Government, https://www.state.gov/religiousfreedomreport/, https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/International-Parental-Child-Abduction/for-providers/legal-reports-and-data/reported-cases, https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/, https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/findings/, https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/reports/child-labor/list-of-goods. Most of these complaints were against authorities in the Prosecutor Generals Office, National Guard, Interior Secretariat, and the armed forces. As of September authorities made no arrests regarding the 2020 killing of prominent indigenous and environmental rights defender Homero Gomez. 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